ClippingKK

唐军都是西北边镇精锐也就罢了，现在其中充斥着中央军残部和新招募民兵等纪律性很差的杂牌，一旦遇到敌人夜晚偷袭，很容易引发营啸。也许正是在第一晚驻军西原时，唐军高层看到了军中士气的不稳定，尤其是大量新兵带来的人心浮动，于是决定在第二天早上抓紧时间全力进军，争取尽快突破秦函谷关故地这一段狭窄地形，冲向洛阳

The Communist economic institutions were in turn supported by extractive political institutions, concentrating all power in the hands of Communist parties and introducing no constraints on the exercise of this power. Though these were different extractive institutions in form, they had similar effects on the livelihoods of the people as the extractive institutions in Zimbabwe and Sierra Leone.

凡是自己下意识加上去的"为了好意的优化"，将来都要回来看一眼。因为每一样好意，都有可能在某一个他没有想到的角度，变成一道十六秒的空白

但是哥舒翰一周前刚主动下手，杀死了中央军的统帅之一杜乾运，现在他似乎有意在部署上让自己和中央军拉开距离。哥舒翰的部署多多少少有贪生怕死的嫌疑，而且相比燕军突袭指挥部，他似乎更怕的是中央军有人趁乱报复。哥舒翰与中央军的将帅之间毫无信任，唐军内部矛盾重重，这大大影响了哥舒翰的排兵布阵，进而影响了唐军的发挥

THERE ARE HUGE DIFFERENCES in living standards around the world. Even the poorest citizens of the United States have incomes and access to health care, education, public services, and economic and social opportunities that are far superior to those available to the vast mass of people living in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Central America.

常清通过这一系列杀戮，在军中建立起了威信。当然，这个让人毛骨悚然的故事传播到后来完全走了样，高仙芝成了大义灭亲，封常清则变成了秉公执法。到后来，高仙芝在怛罗斯战败，封常清几经周折成为新的安西节度使，并在任上证明了自己军事方面的能

是玄宗皇帝就发现，自己的手下大臣们每天都在各项会议上争吵不休，每个人都在一脸诚恳地力图证明，自己是最忠于皇帝，忠于帝国，忠于百姓的，而对方是祸国殃民的奸臣。我们这些忠臣为国为民百死不辞，不惜与那些奸臣小人们斗争到底。那些主张维护现有制度的保守派在这样的争吵和攻讦中，往往会占据优势，成为主流舆论口中的忠臣。原因很简单，不大幅改变现有制度，只搞些小打小闹，那么众多现有制度下既得利益者的利益就可以得到最大的保

The essence of the iron law of oligarchy, this particular facet of the vicious circle, is that new leaders overthrowing old ones with promises of radical change bring nothing but more of the same.